Diabetes and Exercises

Diabetes is a group of diseases in which the body cannot produce enough or any insulin, cannot properly use the insulin which is produced inside human body or may exhibit a combination of both. When any of these things happens, the body is not able to get sugar from the blood into the cells. this causes an increased blood sugar level.

Glucose, the main energy source present in the form of sugar. A lack of insulin or resistance to insulin causes an increase in the level of sugar in blood. This may compromise health.

The three main types of diabetes are:

1-Type 1 diabetes

2-Type 2 diabetes

3-Gestational diabetes

What are the Causes of Diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition. This means immune system mistakenly attacks and causes the destruction of the beta cells in pancreas that produce insulin. The damage is non-reversible.

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes has insulin resistance. This means your body doesn’t use insulin efficiently. This stimulates pancreas to produce more and more insulin until it can no longer meet with demand. Insulin production decreases, which leads to high blood sugar.

The exact cause of type 2 diabetes is unknown. These factors may cause

• genetics
• lack of exercise
• being overweight
• There may also be other health factors and environmental reasons.
• Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes is due to insulin-blocking hormones produced during pregnancy. This type of diabetes only occurs during pregnancy.

Symptoms of Diabetes:

These are most common symptoms of diabetes include:

• excessive thirst and hunger
• frequent urination
• drowsiness or fatigue
• dry, itchy skin
• blurry vision
• slow-healing wounds

Dark patches in the folds of skin armpits and neck can be because of type 2 diabetes. Since type 2 diabetes often takes longer to diagnose, but one can feel numbness and pain in legs.

Type 1 diabetes often develops more quickly and can cause symptoms like weight loss or a condition called diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs due to alarmingly high level of Sugar in blood

Physiotherapy:

Aerobic exercise involves repeated and continuous movement of large muscle groups for endurance. Activities such as walking, cycling, jogging, and swimming are basic aerobic energy-producing systems. Resistance (strength) training includes exercises with free weights, weight machines, bodyweight, or elastic resistance bands. Flexibility exercises improve range of motion around joints. Balance exercises benefit gait and prevent falls.

DR Waseem Javaid

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